Immunopathology — General Pathology

General Pathology · Basic Sciences

How it begins

Immunopathology studies diseases that result from abnormal immune responses: excessive (hypersensitivity, autoimmunity), misdirected (responses against autoantigens or harmless agents) or insufficient (immunodeficiencies). The immune system is the body's guardian against pathogens, but its deregulation is the substrate for some of the most devastating and prevalent diseases of the...

What it covers

1. Immunopathology
2. Concept and Immune System
3. · Innate Immunity — The Front Line
4. · Adaptive Immunity — The Second Line
5. Immunological Tolerance
6. · Immune Checkpoints
7. Hypersensitivity — Concept and Classification
8. Type I Hypersensitivity — Immediate / Allergic
9. · Pathophysiology — Two Necessary Expositions
10. · Clinical Manifestations
11. Type II Hypersensitivity — Cytotoxic
12. · Type II Hypersensitivity Diseases
13. Type III Hypersensitivity — Immune Complexes
14. · Pathogenesis — Formation and Deposition of Immune Complexes
15. · Experimental Models and Human Diseases
16. · Type III Hypersensitivity Diseases
17. Type IV Hypersensitivity — Cellular / Delayed
18. · Clinical Models of Type IV Hypersensitivity
19. Autoimmunity — Pathogenesis
20. · Tolerance Breaking Mechanisms
21. · Autoantibodies — Fundamental Diagnostic Tool
22. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)
23. · EULAR/ACR Classification Criteria 2019
24. · Lupus Nephritis — ISN/RPS Classification
25. Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)
26. · Pathogenesis — The Synovial Pannus
27. · Biological Therapeutic Targets in RA — Based on Pathogenesis
28. Sjögren's syndrome
29. Scleroderma — Systemic Sclerosis (SSc)
30. · Pathogenesis — The Pathophysiological Triad
31. Inflammatory Myopathies
32. Other Relevant Autoimmune Diseases
33. Immunodeficiencies — Concept
34. Primary Immunodeficiencies
35. HIV / AIDS
36. · Virology and Life Cycle of HIV
37. · Replicative Cycle
38. · Natural History of HIV Infection
39. · AIDS Defining Diseases (CD4 200/μL)
40. · ART — Antiretroviral Therapy
41. Secondary Immunodeficiencies
42. Transplant Rejection
43. · Allorecognition Mechanisms
44. · Types of Rejection
45. · Immunosuppression in Transplantation
46. · Graft Versus Host Disease (GVHD/GvHD)
47. Oncological Immunotherapy
48. · Tumor Escape — Why the Immune System Does Not Destroy the Tumor
49. · Types of Oncological Immunotherapy
50. · Immune-mediated Adverse Effects (irAE)
51. Integration and Final Perspective
52. · Conceptual Map of Immunopathology
53. · Therapeutic Connections — From Pathogenesis to Drug
54. · Final Summary — Key Concepts
55. · Bibliographical References