Pediatrics: Immune System and Allergies

Pediatrics · Clinical Specialties

How it begins

Comprehensive analysis of the postnatal development of the immune system, primary immunodeficiencies, the pathophysiology of hypersensitivity reactions and the full spectrum of allergic diseases in childhood and adolescence.

What it covers

1. Introduction: Pediatric Immunological Specificity
2. Postnatal Development of the Immune System
3. · Immunological Ontogeny: from the Fetus to the Adolescent
4. · Immunoglobulins according to Age: Reference Values and Meaning
5. · The Thymus-Periphery Axis: T Lymphocyte Education
6. Innate Immunity in Children: Particularities and Deficits
7. · Physical and Chemical Barriers
8. · Phagocytic Cells: Neutrophils and Macrophages
9. · Complement System
10. · NK Cells (Natural Killer)
11. · PRRs (Pattern Recognition Receptors) and TLRs in Pediatrics
12. Adaptive Immunity: B, T and Immunoglobulin Lymphocytes
13. · B Lymphocytes and Antibody Production
14. · T Lymphocyte Subpopulations: Th1/Th2/Th17/Treg Balance
15. Primary Immunodeficiencies (PID): Diagnosis and Clinical Correlations
16. · 5.1 Predominantly Antibody Defects (Humoral IDPs)
17. · 5.2 Combined Immunodeficiencies (CDI) and Severe Immunodeficiencies (SCDI)
18. · 5.3 Defects of Phagocytosis and the Complement System
19. Hypersensitivity Reactions: Gell and Coombs Classification
20. Pathophysiology of IgE Sensitization and Allergic Reaction
21. · Sensitization Phase
22. · Effector Phase: Early and Late Phase Reaction
23. · The Role of Epithelial Alarmins in Allergic Initiation
24. The Atopic March: Natural History of Allergic Disease
25. · Risk Factors of Atopic March
26. Atopic Dermatitis (AD): Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Treatment
27. · Pathophysiology: The Double Immune-Barrier Defect
28. · Diagnosis: Hanifin and Rajka criteria (modified Williamson)
29. · Morphological Distribution by Age
30. · Severity Assessment
31. · Stepped Treatment (Therapeutic Ladder)
32. Pediatric Allergic Rhinitis
33. · ARIA Classification (Allergic Rhinitis and Its Impact on Asthma)
34. · Diagnosis
35. · Stepped Treatment of Pediatric RA
36. Asthma in Pediatrics: Phenotypes, Diagnosis and Treatment
37. · Phenotypes of Wheezing in Childhood (Martínez Classification)
38. · Asthma Predictive Index (Castro-Rodríguez API)
39. · Diagnosis of Pediatric Asthma
40. · Stepped Treatment of Asthma (GINA 2024 Pediatric)
41. Food Allergy in Pediatrics
42. · Mechanical Classification
43. · Main Food Allergens and Their Natural History
44. · FPIES: Food Protein Induced Enterocolitis Syndrome
45. · Diagnosis of Food Allergy
46. · Oral Tolerance Induction (ITO / OIT)
47. Anaphylaxis in Pediatrics: Recognition and Management
48. · Diagnostic Criteria (WAO / EAACI 2020)
49. · Triggers of Anaphylaxis in Children
50. · Pathophysiology: Biphasic Reaction and Protracted Anaphylaxis
51. Drug Allergy in Pediatrics
52. · Beta-lactam allergy: The most common problem
53. · NSAIDs: Second Cause of Drug Hypersensitivity in Children
54. · Stevens-Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and TEN (Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis)
55. Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy (TIA) in Pediatrics
56. · TIA Action Mechanism
57. · TIA modalities
58. Biological Therapy in Pediatric Allergology