Semiology: Nervous System

Clinical assessment · Clinical Bases

How it begins

Systematic and exhaustive neurological examination: mental status, cranial nerves, motor and sensory systems, reflexes, gait, meningeal signs, classic neurological syndromes and integrated topographic diagnosis. Expert level with detailed clinical correlations.

What it covers

1. Basics Neurological History and Symptoms Guide
2. · 1.1 The Neurological History: Structure and Content
3. Higher Mental Functions Consciousness, Cognition, Language and Mental Exploration
4. · 2.1 Level of Consciousness: Gradation and Glasgow Scale
5. · 2.2 Examination of Higher Cognitive Functions
6. Cranial Nerves I–VI Olfactory, Optic, Oculomotor, Trochlear, Trigeminal and External Ocular Motor
7. · 3.1 The Pupil: Detailed Semiology
8. Cranial Nerves VII–XII Facial, Vestibulocochlear, Glossopharyngeal, Vagus, Accessory and Hypoglossal
9. Pyramidal Motor System, NMS vs NMI, Tone and Topography of Paresis
10. · 4.1 Pyramidal Pathway: Upper Motor Neuron (UMN) vs. Lower Motor Neuron (LMN)
11. · 4.2 Extrapyramidal System: Basal Ganglia and Involuntary Movements
12. · 4.3 Cerebellar System: Cerebellar Syndrome and Ataxia
13. Sensitive System Sensitive Pathways, Exploration and Syndromes
14. · 5.1 Sensory Pathways: Anatomy and Dissociation
15. ROT Reflexes, Pathological, Superficial Reflexes and Gradation
16. · 6.1 Osteotendinous Reflexes (OTR): Technique and Gradation
17. · 6.2 Pathological Reflexes: Babinski Sign and Variants
18. Gait and Coordination Types of Pathological Gait, Romberg and Coordination Tests
19. · 7.1 Types of Pathological Gait: Diagnosis in the Room
20. Meningeal Signs Examination of Meningism: Neck Rigidity, Kernig and Brudzinski
21. · 8.1 Meningeal Signs: Technique and Clinical Correlation
22. Classic Cortical, Subcortical, Trunk, Spinal and Peripheral Neurological Syndromes
23. · 9.1 Cortical and Subcortical Syndromes
24. · 9.2 Spinal Syndromes
25. · 9.3 Peripheral Syndromes: NMI, Plexus, Root and Nerve
26. Autonomic Nervous System, Autonomic Dysfunction and Diagnostic Correlations
27. · 10.1 Semiology of the Autonomic Nervous System
28. · 10.2 Integrated Topographic Diagnosis: The Guiding Principle