Geriatric Emergencies and Terminal Patients — Emergency Medicine

Emergency · Clinical Specialties

How it begins

Highly complex clinical approach to frail elderly patients with terminal illness in the emergency department. Pathophysiological models, modified pharmacokinetics, acute geriatric syndromes and palliative life support therapy.

What it covers

1. Geriatrics and Terminal Patients
2. Physiological Aging and Pharmacokinetics
3. · Physiological Modifications by Systems
4. · Pharmacokinetics and Modified Pharmacodynamics
5. Geriatric Syndromes in Emergencies
6. · Atypical Presentation of Diseases
7. · Polypharmacy and Prescription Cascade
8. · Conciliation Tools in Emergencies: Beers Criteria and STOPP/START
9. Fragility and Risk Stratification
10. · Conceptual Models of Fragility
11. · Rapid Screening Instruments in Emergencies
12. Altered Mental State: Delirium
13. · Pathophysiology of Delirium
14. · Clinical Phenotypes
15. · Systematic Diagnosis: CAM and 4AT
16. · Non-Pharmacological Treatment (First Line Support Measures)
17. · Rescue Pharmacological Treatment (Life-Risk Agitation)
18. Sepsis and Geriatric Septicemic Shock
19. · Pathophysiology of Immunosenescence and Inflammaging
20. · Difficulties in Identifying Sepsis
21. · The Challenge of Fluid Resuscitation: Cardiorenal Balance
22. Atypical Myocardial Ischemia
23. · Pathophysiology of Silent Infarction and Anginous Equivalents
24. · Challenges in the Interpretation of the Electrocardiogram (ECG)
25. · Antithrombotic Therapeutics in Emergencies: The Balance of Ischemia/Bleeding
26. Acute Geriatric Abdomen
27. · Attenuation of Peritoneal Physical Signs
28. · Critical Etiologies of High Lethality
29. Falls, Trauma and Reversal of Anticoagulation
30. · Occult Acute and Chronic Subdural Hematoma
31. · Hip Fracture: Comprehensive Management Algorithm in Emergencies
32. · Urgent Anticoagulation Reversal Protocols
33. Syncope in the Elderly
34. · Pathophysiology of Geriatric Syncope
35. · Risk Stratification Tools in Emergencies
36. The Terminal Patient in the Emergency Room
37. · Palliative Needs Identification Tools: NECPAL and SPICT
38. · Adequacy of Therapeutic Effort (AET) vs. Therapeutic Obstinacy
39. · Advance Decision Planning (Advance Will and Testament)
40. Palliative Oncological and Non-Oncological Emergencies
41. · Superior Vena Cava Syndrome (SVCS)
42. · Acute Spinal Cord Compression Syndrome (CMS)
43. · Hypercalcemia of Malignancy
44. Control of Acute Symptoms and Terminal Crisis
45. · Treatment of Terminal Dyspnea
46. · Management of Breakthrough Pain
47. · Management of Terminal Rattle ("Rattle" or "Death Rattle")
48. Palliative Pharmacology by Subcutaneous Route
49. · Puncture Technique and Choice Sites
50. · Hypodermoclysis (Subcutaneous Fluid Infusion)
51. · Subcutaneous Continuous Elastomeric Infusers
52. Palliative Sedation vs. Euthanasia: Ethical-Legal Aspects
53. · Precise conceptual differentiation
54. · The Clinical Concept of Refractory Symptoms
55. · The Principle of Double Effect of Bioethics
56. · Emergency Palliative Sedation Induction Protocol