Respiratory Failure and Critical Care

Respiratory Failure and Critical Care — Internal Medicine

How it begins

Advanced pathophysiology of respiratory failure, ventilatory mechanics, ARDS, protective ventilation strategies, hemodynamic monitoring, pulmonary focus sepsis and advanced life support techniques.

What it covers

1. Respiratory Physiology — Foundations for Critical Care Medicine
2. · 1.1 Pulmonary Gas Exchange
3. · 1.2 Pulmonary Mechanics — Critical Concepts
4. Respiratory Failure
5. · 2.1 Classification and Pathophysiological Mechanisms
6. · 2.2 Respiratory Failure Type I — Hypoxemic
7. · 2.3 Respiratory Failure Type II — Hypercapnic
8. · 2.4 Arterial Blood Gas — Advanced Systematic Interpretation
9. Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)
10. · 3.1 Definition — Berlin Criteria 2012 and Revision 2023
11. · 3.2 Pathophysiology of ARDS — Three Phases
12. · 3.3 Treatment of ARDS — Evidence and Strategies
13. Non-Invasive Oxygen Therapy — HFNC and NIV
14. · 4.1 High Flow Nasal Cannulas (HFNC / CAF)
15. · 4.2 Non-Invasive Ventilation (NIV) — CPAP and BiPAP
16. Invasive Mechanical Ventilation (IMV)
17. · 5.1 Ventilatory Modes
18. · 5.2 Protective Ventilation Strategy — Target Parameters
19. · 5.3 Optimal PEEP — Titration Strategies
20. · 5.4 Advanced Monitoring in Mechanical Ventilation
21. Sedoanalgesia in ICU
22. · 6.1 Bundle ABCDEF — Prevention of Post-ICU Syndrome
23. · 6.2 Sedoanalgesia Drugs in the ICU — Complete Pharmacological Profile
24. Weaning and Extubation
25. · 7.1 Evaluation of Readiness for Weaning
26. · 7.2 SBT Techniques
27. · 7.3 SBT Failure Criteria and Success Predictors
28. · 7.4 Extubation — Airway Protection Assessment
29. Sepsis and Septic Shock of Pulmonary Focus
30. · 8.1 Definition Sepsis-3 (2016)
31. · 8.2 Bundles Surviving Sepsis Campaign — Hour-1 Bundle (2018)
32. Complications of Mechanical Ventilation and Stay in the ICU
33. ECMO and Advanced Life Support
34. · 10.1 VV ECMO — Respiratory Failure
35. · 10.2 VA ECMO — Cardiogenic Shock
36. · 10.3 Extracorporeal Artificial Lung (ECCO₂R)
37. Pulmonary Hypertension in the Critical Context
38. Hemodynamic and Respiratory Monitoring in the ICU
39. · 12.1 Evaluation of Response to Fluids
40. · 12.2 Differential Diagnosis of Shock in the ICU