Renoureteral Pathology — Surgical Specialization Treaty

Surgery · Clinical Specialties

How it begins

A detailed scientific compendium focused on the specialization of urological and upper urinary tract surgery. It comprehensively analyzes voiding dynamics, the biology of renal and urothelial carcinoma, open and endourologic reconstruction techniques, the management of high-energy trauma, and complex obstructive syndromes.

What it covers

1. Embryology of the Upper Urogenital System and Fusion Anomalies
2. · Physiological Renal Ascent and Rotation
3. Anatomy of the Renal Fossa, Compartments and Containing Fascias
4. · The Renal Fascias and Retroperitoneal Compartments
5. Macro and Microscopic Vascularization of the Kidney and Ureter
6. · Differences in Renal Venous Drainage
7. Urinary Flow Dynamics and Pressures in the Excretory Tract
8. Pathophysiology of Acute Obstruction vs. Chronic and Kidney Damage
9. · Acute Phase (First 2 to 5 Hours of Complete Obstruction)
10. · Subacute Phase (5 to 24 Hours of Obstruction)
11. · Chronic Phase (More than 24 Hours of Obstruction)
12. Histopathology, Classification and Molecular Biology of CRC
13. · 1. Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (75-80%)
14. · 2. Papillary Renal Carcinoma (10-15%)
15. · 3. Chromophobe Renal Carcinoma (5%)
16. TNM Staging, ISUP/Fuhrman Nuclear Grade and Prognosis
17. · The ISUP/WHO Nuclear Gradation Scale (Previous Fuhrman)
18. Partial Nephrectomy: Nephron-Sparing Surgery
19. · Indications for Nephron-Sparing Surgery
20. · Surgical Technique and Management of Renal Ischemia
21. · The Double Plane Renorrhaphy Technique
22. Radical Nephrectomy and Surgical Management of Tumor Thrombus in the Vena Cava
23. · Tumor thrombus in the Inferior Vena Cava (IVC)
24. Pathophysiology and Risk Factors of Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma (UTUC)
25. Radical Nephroureterectomy with Bladder Roll: The Gold Standard
26. · Surgical Techniques for the Management of the Distal Bladder Roller
27. Pyeloureteral Junction Stenosis (EUPU) and Anderson-Hynes Pyeloplasty
28. · Anderson-Hynes Dismembered Pyeloplasty Surgical Technique
29. Acquired and Iatrogenic Ureteral Strictures and Reconstruction Techniques
30. Pathophysiology of Urinary Stone Formation and Renal Colic
31. Endourological Surgery: Rigid and Flexible Ureteroscopy (RIRS)
32. · Flexible Ureterorenoscopy and Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery (RIRS)
33. Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL): Indications and Technical Approach
34. · Percutaneous Access Technique Step by Step
35. Emphysematous Pyelonephritis
36. · Pathophysiology of Tissue Gas Genesis
37. · Huang and Tseng Prognostic Classification (Based on AngioTC)
38. Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis: The Great Simulator
39. Urogenital Tuberculosis: Fibrous Scarring and Autonephrectomy
40. Kidney Trauma (AAST Classification I-V) and Indications for Emergency Surgery
41. · Conservative Management vs. Urgent Surgical Exploration
42. Ureteral Trauma
43. · Late Diagnosis and its Clinical Consequences
44. Therapeutic Decision Algorithm in Suspicious Solid Renal Mass