Ophthalmological Semiology

Ophthalmology · Clinical Specialties

How it begins

Clinical examination of the eye, functional anatomy, visual acuity, visual fields, ocular motility, pupils, anterior pole, fundus, intraocular pressure, pathologies of the anterior and posterior segment, ocular manifestations of systemic diseases and ophthalmological emergencies. Expert level.

What it covers

1. Functional Anatomy of the Eye
2. · Eyeball structure: three layers and three compartments
3. Structured Ophthalmological History
4. · Decreased visual acuity: complete semiological analysis
5. · Red eye: semiological differential analysis
6. Systematic Ophthalmological Examination
7. · Visual acuity (VA): measurement and interpretation
8. · Slit lamp biomicroscopy
9. Pupillary Semiology
10. · Pupillary reflexes: anatomy and technique
11. · Alterations in pupil size and reactivity
12. Ocular Motility and Cranial Oculomotor Pairs
13. · Extraocular muscles and their innervations
14. · Nystagmus: classification and locator value
15. Pathology of the Anterior Pole
16. · Corneal pathology: semiology and clinical correlation
17. Fundoscopy: The Fund of the Eye
18. · Normal technique and findings
19. · Diabetic retinopathy: staging and semiology
20. · Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
21. Intraocular Pressure and Glaucoma
22. · Tonometry: IOP measurement
23. · Types of glaucoma: classification and semiology
24. Ocular Manifestations of Systemic Diseases
25. · Systemic diseases with key ocular manifestations
26. Ophthalmological Emergencies
27. · Emergencies with risk of permanent visual loss
28. · Eye trauma: systematic evaluation
29. Ophthalmological Diagnostic Matrix