Clinical Biochemistry: Vitamin D

Biochemistry · Basic Sciences

How it begins

Comprehensive study of the synthesis of secasteroids, hydroxylations by CYP cytochromes, serum transport, transactivation by the VDR, mineral homeostasis and precision clinicopathological correlations.

What it covers

1. Introduction and Chemical Nomenclature
2. · Chemical Structure of the Main Forms
3. Cutaneous Synthesis and Photobiology
4. · The Photochemical and Thermal Reaction
5. · Self-limiting Mechanisms for Photoprotection and Toxicity Prevention
6. Intestinal Absorption and Systemic Incorporation
7. · Assembly and Secretion in Chylomicrons
8. · Kinetics of Vitamin D Binding Protein (DBP / Gc-Globulin)
9. Hepatic Metabolism (25-hydroxylation)
10. · Biochemistry of the CYP2R1 Enzymatic Reaction
11. · Absence of Strict Hepatic Feedback Mechanisms
12. Renal and Extrarenal Metabolism
13. · Multiorgan Endocrine Regulation of Renal 1α-hydroxylase
14. · The Catabolic Pathway: The CYP24A1 Enzyme
15. · Extrarenal 1α-hydroxylation (Autocrine / Paracrine Regulation)
16. The Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) and Molecular Mechanism of Action
17. · Mandatory Heterodimerization Mechanism with the RXR
18. · Recruitment of the Coactivator and Corepressor Complex
19. · Non-Genomic Effects / Rapid Membrane Signaling
20. Systemic Homeostasis of Calcium and Phosphorus
21. · 1. Intestinal Absorption of Calcium and Phosphorus (Duodenum and Jejunum)
22. · 2. Active Renal Calcium Reabsorption (Distal Convoluted Tubule)
23. · 3. Bone Mineral Metabolism and Remodeling
24. Pleiotropic Effects / Non-Classical Actions
25. Pathophysiology of Deficit States
26. · Primary Etiologies of Vitamin D Deficiency
27. Genetic Disorders of the Vitamin D Axis
28. Laboratory Diagnosis and Analytical Methodology
29. · Analytical Determination Methodologies
30. · Standardization and Ranges of Nutritional Sufficiency
31. Vitamin D Toxicity (Hypervitaminosis)
32. · Pathophysiology of Molecular Damage
33. · Medical Treatment Scheme for Acute Toxicity
34. Pharmacology and Supplementation Guides
35. · Clinical Dosing and Loading Strategies
36. Physiological Integration of the Endocrine Axis