Endocrine Neoplasias — Internal Medicine · Expert Level

Internal Medicine · Clinical Specialties

How it begins

The thyroid nodule is one of the most frequent endocrinological findings: prevalent in 4-7% of the population by palpation, in 20-76% by ultrasound and in 16-18% in autopsy studies. The clinical key is to distinguish the malignant nodule (<5-15% of clinically detected nodules) from the benign, avoiding both underdiagnosis of carcinoma and overdiagnosis (overdetection of microcarcinomas...

What it covers

1. Thyroid Nodule and TIRADS System
2. · ACR TI-RADS System (Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System)
3. · Ultrasound Guided FNAB — Bethesda System
4. Differentiated Thyroid Carcinomas
5. · AJCC/TNM Staging (8th Ed.) and ATA Risk System
6. Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma and RET Protooncogene
7. · Biochemical Diagnosis and Monitoring of CMT
8. Parathyroid Neoplasms and Hyperparathyroidism
9. · Classification of Hyperparathyroidism
10. · Preoperative Location of Parathyroid Adenoma
11. Adrenal Incidentaloma
12. · Image Evaluation — Adrenal CT Protocol
13. Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma (PPGLs)
14. · Biochemical Diagnosis
15. · Genetics of PPGLs — The Tumor with the Greatest Hereditary Burden
16. Adrenocortical Carcinoma and Functional Syndromes
17. · Adrenocortical Carcinoma (ACC)
18. · Primary Aldosteronism (Conn Syndrome)
19. WHO 2022 Classification of Neuroendocrine Tumors
20. Functional Pancreatic NETs
21. NET of the Gastrointestinal Tract and Carcinoid Syndrome
22. · Carcinoid Syndrome
23. · Gastric NET — Types
24. Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment of NETs
25. · Nuclear Medicine in the NETs
26. · Systemic Treatment of Gastroenteropancreatic NETs (GEP-NET)
27. Pituitary Adenomas
28. · Prolactinoma — First Line Medical Treatment
29. Acromegaly and Cushing's Disease
30. · Acromegaly — Excess GH/IGF-1
31. · Cushing's Disease — ACTH-Dependent Pituitary Hypercortisolism
32. Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Syndromes and Genetic Syndromes
33. Biochemical Markers and Precision Pharmacology
34. · Biochemical Markers of Endocrine Neoplasias
35. · Molecular Precision Drugs in Endocrine Neoplasias
36. Integrated Summary — Diagnostics and Algorithms
37. · Differential Diagnosis of Hypercalcemia
38. · Keys for the Differential Diagnosis of Cushing's Syndrome
39. · Key Genes and their Oncology — Quick Reference Table