Emergencies: Hypertensive Crisis — Emergency Medicine

Emergency · Clinical Specialties

How it begins

Advanced clinical, pathophysiological and pharmacological approach to hypertensive emergencies and urgencies. Analysis of microvascular dysfunction, autoregulation of target organ flow and international consensus.

What it covers

1. Hypertensive Crisis
2. Definition, Concepts and Epidemiology
3. · The False Crisis or Pseudo-Hypertensive Crisis
4. · Epidemiology and Predisposing Factors
5. · Keith-Wagener-Barker Retinal Classification
6. Pathophysiology: The Self-Regulatory Threshold
7. · The Theory of Flow Self-Regulation
8. · The Humoral and Microvascular Cascade
9. Initial Evaluation and Risk Classification
10. · Technical BP Measurement Protocol in Emergencies
11. · Anamnesis Directed to the Target Organ
12. · Critical Laboratory and Cabinet Exams
13. Target Organ Damage: Brain
14. · Hypertensive Encephalopathy and PRES Syndrome
15. · Approach to Acute Ischemic Stroke
16. · Acute Hemorrhagic Stroke: Intracerebral and Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
17. Target Organ Damage: Cardiovascular
18. · Acute Aortic Dissection
19. · Acute Cardiopulmonary Lung Edema (SCAPE)
20. · Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)
21. Target Organ Damage: Renal and Gestational
22. · Malignant Hypertensive Nephropathy
23. · Preeclampsia, Eclampsia and HELLP
24. Other Special Hypertensive Emergencies
25. · Pheochromocytoma Crisis
26. · The Golden Rule in Hyperadrenergic Crisis
27. · Acute Sympathomimetic Intoxication Crisis
28. Emergency Intravenous Pharmacology
29. Specific Management of Hypertensive Emergency
30. Management of Hypertensive Emergency
31. · Hypertensive Emergency Should Not Become an Iatrogenic Emergency
32. · Oral Pharmacotherapy of Choice in Emergencies
33. Hypertensive Withdrawal and Rebound Syndromes
34. · Clonidine Withdrawal Syndrome
35. · Management of Rebound Hypertension
36. The Microvascular Spectrum: Hypertensive TMA
37. · Definition of Hypertensive Thrombotic Microangiopathy
38. · Differential Diagnosis of the MAT Spectrum
39. Post-Crisis Monitoring, Tracking and Forecasting
40. · Transition Protocol from Intravenous to Oral Treatment
41. · The Critical Role of ABPM (Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring)
42. · Medium and Long Term Prognosis
43. Clinical Guidelines, Decision Algorithms and Consensus
44. · Comparison of International Guides (ESH 2024 vs ACC/AHA 2017)
45. · Quick Decision Tree for the Emergency Doctor